From the Salon des Refuses to the Cabaret Voltaire

Never exhibited with the group he inspired; Le Dejeuner sur l'herbe's 1863 scandal opened the door the Impressionists later walked through.

The movement itself, named in 1874 for a painting a critic meant to dismiss.

The only painter to show at all eight Impressionist group exhibitions, 1874 to 1886.

A founding organizer who rejected the Impressionist label for himself, preferring Realist or Independent.

The only woman to exhibit in the first Impressionist show; a contemporary critic called her the one real Impressionist in the group.

A founding participant who achieved far less recognition than his peers and died in relative poverty.

The only American to exhibit officially with the French Impressionists, invited personally by Degas.

Exhibited twice with the group before withdrawing to build the structural style that bridges to Post-Impressionism and, later, Cubism.

A movement named for a critic's insult, wild beasts, after Matisse and Derain's 1905 Collioure summer.

The acknowledged leader of Fauvism, using color itself as the primary expressive means.

A movement born from wartime protest, with two cities disputing which one it began in.

A signed urinal submitted in 1917 challenged the boundary between art object and everyday object; no original survives, only replicas and a photograph.