Bauhaus

The Bauhaus was a German school of art, craft and design founded by the architect Walter Gropius in Weimar in 1919, relocated to Dessau in 1925, and closed under Nazi pressure in 1933 after a final year in Berlin under its last director, the architect Mies van der Rohe. Its curriculum was built on the ambition, in Gropius's own phrase, of a new unity of art and technology, training students across workshops in furniture, textiles, typography, metalwork and architecture to design objects and buildings suited to industrial manufacture rather than handcraft alone. Bauhaus design favored geometric clarity, primary colors and the visible honesty of materials and construction, an aesthetic that spread internationally as faculty and students emigrated after the school closure, several of them continuing careers in the United States that carried Bauhaus thinking directly into the American strand of architectural Modernism later named the International Style.